सूचक

• Nepal's National Forest Monitoring System (NFMS) has been established, and comprises the National Land Cover Monitoring System (NLCMS), the National Forest Inventory (NFI), the National Forest Information System (NFIS) and the Measurement, Reporting and Verification (MRV) portal. 

• The NFMS integrates data from the National Forest Inventory, remote sensing, field measurements and land-cover assessments to monitor changes in forest extent, forest condition and forest carbon stocks; the NLCMS conducts forest cover monitoring and mapping using satellite images on an annual basis;  the NFI and NFIS provide information on forest area, growing stock, biomass, carbon stocks, forest condition and forest management status across the country. 

• The Forest Research and Training Centre (FRTC) is the central authority for forest monitoring, including designing, operating and updating the NLCMS, as well as periodic NFI. It also works with local, divisional, and provincial levels and will also consult Community-based Forest Management (CBFM) groups where relevant, to collect forest information. The NFIS and SIS portals are currently hosted by the REDD Implementation Center.  

• The district level monitoring and reporting system complements the NFMS. DFOs and Protected Areas authorities monitor, measure, update and report land use change and forestry information to their central authorities annually. The resource inventories of CBFM groups are also conducted every five to 10 years (depending on the cycle for individual groups). Divisional level offices maintain updated information and report to the corresponding central authorities.

•  As per the Forest Regulation (2022), the DFOs, Provincial Forest Ministries, Forest Directorates, and the MoFE have a legal obligation to prepare an annual report based on the monitoring and evaluation of activities. The annual reports of each level need to mention how challenges such as conversion have been addressed and what activities were implemented for such purposes.

• For the Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF) Emission Reduction Program, monitoring of emission reductions/removals, forest cover change, and forest degradation is undertaken through the national system and reported through Emission Reduction Monitoring Reports (ERMRs). 

•  For the LEAF ER Program, monitoring is similarly implemented through Nepal's national system and reported through TREES Monitoring Reports. 

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