सूचक

• The Nepal Treaty Act (1990) makes it mandatory to fulfil obligations under the international conventions and agreements which Nepal has joined or ratified;
• The National Forest Policy (2019) states that the country will arrange implementation of relevant international conventions and treaties relevant to forests and the environment, via legal framework, legal arrangements and capacity enhancement;
• Nepal 2019s National REDD+ Strategy (NRS) (2018-2022) was formulated in 2018 by the Ministry of Forest and Environment and approved in line with the country 2019s needs for managing forests and biodiversity as well as its commitments to international conventions.
• The NRS also emphasizes that it will be implemented through stakeholder consultations in line with FPIC as per relevant national and international decisions, including UNFCCC, UNDRIP, ILO 169, CBD, Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit Sharing, among others.
• Local, subnational, and national level consultations on the first draft NRS (prepared in 2014) resulted in a second draft, which was reviewed by a Technical Committee and laid the foundation for the final Strategy (2018).
• The NRS was reviewed in 2024 and revised in 2025, covering the period 2025-2034. The revision process included:review of the previous Strategy's implementation; updated analysis of drivers, policies, laws and regulations; and adjustments to its strategies and actions, to ensure that it remains in line with the national forest context and and relevant international frameworks. Consistency with the national international context was further facilitated by consultations with stakeholders held at federal and provincial levels in 2024, with around 270 participants total, as well as expert review and endorsement by MoFE.
• Nepal's forest resources are overseen and managed by the federal MoFE and its subsidiaries as well as the concerned provincial ministries and Divisional Forest Offices (DFOs). MoFE, its divisions (Climate Change and Management Division (CCMD), Environment and Biodiversity Division, and Planning Division) are responsible for developing various policies and programs related to forestry, biodiversity and environment. Therefore, they are responsible for ensuring that REDD+ programs are aligned to the national policies/programs and with relevant international conventions and agreements.
• The REDD Implementation Centre (REDD IC) under MoFE is responsible for planning, development, implementation, and monitoring of the NRS and REDD+ programs. The Center also bridges state and district-level REDD+ planning, further promoting alignment.
• The CCMD, formed in 2018, s focal point for the UNFCCC and provides technical assistance to REDD IC. It plays a role in coordination all climate change policies and programs, including their alignment with international obligations.
• The MoFE Environment and Biodiversity Division is the focal point for the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), implements national laws related to biodiversity, and prepares Nepal 2019s NBSAPs and National Reports to the CBD.
• The Ministry has established institutional mechanisms at Federal and provincial levels to oversee and implement REDD+, including ensuring that they are designed and implemented in consistency with the broader legal or policy framework. The multistakeholder National REDD+ Steering Committee (NRSC) endorses ERPs, while the National REDD+ Coordination Committee (NRCC) makes decisions on technical matters, including oversight of the implementation and monitoring of REDD+ programs. The REDD IC, being the coordinating entity, is responsible for planning, development, implementation, and monitoring of the NRS and REDD+ programs in the country.

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• The REDD IC leads all ERP development, coordinating drafting of technical program documents in line with the NRS (2018-2022; 2025-2034), as well as with forest and environment laws, and international commitments.
• The FCPF ERP Document (2018) provided a list of relevant conventions and the REDD+ actions being implemented under the program were designed considering the relevant provisions of the international agreements.
• The Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) and the Benefit Sharing Plan (BSP) for the program have been developed focusing on the FCPF requirements (FCPF Methodological Framework) and World Bank 2019s Environmental and Social Policies and Standards, and considering relevant international conventions and agreements (including the Paris Agreement and Cancun Safeguards). ere developed in line with the FCPF Methodological Framework and World Bank Environmental and Social Standards, ensuring consistency with recognized international safeguard requirements.
• The FCPF ERP was developed with inputs from three national, four regional and 36 district-level consultations during 2016-2017, conducted in collaboration with the Nepal Federation of Indigenous Nationalities (NEFIN), the Federation of Community Forestry Users Nepal (FECOFUN), Dalit NGO networks and field partners. The ERP Document was then endoresed in a meeting of the National REDD+ Steering Committee in April 2018, following integration of comments received from a Technical Advisory Panel (TAP).
• The LEAF ERP, which is seeking to register with ART-TREES, is based on the NRS actions implemented in three provinces of Gandaki, Lumbini and Bagmati during 2022-2026, with further components of the program (such as benefit sharing) developed through an extensive consultation process at national, provincial and district levels, and aligned with the country's legal framework and international commitments. The TREES Regsitration Dcoument and TREES Monitoring Reports are approved by MoFE prior to submission to ART-TREES. The TRD confirms alignment with Nepal 2019s international commitments, and safeguards, FPIC and stakeholder engagement for the Program have been designed following ART-TREES, Nepal 2019s national FPIC requirements, and international commitments, ensuring alignment with UNDRIP, ILO 169 and CBD requirements.

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• The actions of the NRS (2018-2022; 2025-2034) prioritize CBFM as among the main pillars for effective sustainable forest management in Nepal, contributing to both carbon and non-carbon benefits, and acknowledged in agreements such as Agenda 21, the International Agreement on Forests and the Paris Agreement. Actions on forest fire management, restoration, assisted natural regeneration, and grazing management will help achieve the global forest goal 1 and associated targets of the United Nations Strategic Plan for Forests (UNSPF, 2017-2030). NRS actions on human-wildlife conflict management and protected areas will also help achieve the objectives of CITES and the CBD.
• The actions of the FCPF ERP were designed to align with relevant international conventions and commitments. For instance, the 7th intervention on improvement of protected area management helps to achieve the objectives of the CBD, while the Program 2019s focus on sustainable forest management and expansion of CBFM support the forest sector targets of Nepal 2019s second and third NDCs
• The actions of the LEAF ERP are aligned with the NRS, which is in turn supportive of Nepal 2019s international obligations. For example, like the NRS, the Program focuses on sustainable forest management through CBFM regimes, and the annual work plans and activities of District Forest Offices (DFOs) are a key implementation mechanisms 2013 these plans are prepared and implemented to be consistent with national forest policies and plans, which are in turn consistent with and supportive of Nepal 2019s international commitments.

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